Each person in a family might have a different descriptive identifier and those z.B. Schlesien - Silesia The colonization continued until the end of the 13th century. The lowest figure displays data according to the. Staats- oder Volksangehrigkeit). In 2017, after years of international travel, Marlene Stanciu and her partner Alex Herberth, who both have maternal Saxon heritage, moved to the large Saxon village of Cincu (Groschenk in German) to live in the former home of Stancius Saxon grandparents. His family claimed descent from the royal house of David. As a result of these agreements, approximately 95% of the members of the German ethnic group who were fit for military service (Transylvanian Saxons and Banat Swabians) voluntarily enrolled into the Waffen-SS units (approximately 63,000 people), with several thousand serving in the special units of the SS Security Service (SD-Sonderkommandos), of which at least 2,000 ethnic Germans were enrolled in the concentration camps (KZ-Wachkompanien), of which at least 55% served in extermination camps, predominantly in Auschwitz and Lublin. The territory colonized by Germans covered an area of about 30,000km2 (10,000 sq. : Out of 25 ancestral surnames, 12 or 13 look German: 1) Neumann . This house was built by my great grandfather in 1911, and my grandparents lived here until they died in 2013 then I took over, she said. For decades, the . The Transylvanian Saxons represented one of the three nations that made up the Transylvanian feudal system. Of course, this policy affected Romanians as much as it did Germans. It was written and composed in the mid 19th century. For decades, the main . 9. Transylvania in Antiquity and the Middle Ages. It has forty-three branches and approximately 10,000 members. The new pro-Soviet government of Romania suppressed their historical rights and confiscated properties. extensive inner and outer walls and a fortified watch tower). My great aunt lived here for more than 70 years, said Zakel, who bought the house last year from a family member. They were promised full minority rights, but many wealthy Saxons lost part of their land in the land reform process that was implemented in the whole of Romania after World War I. Ergnzt durch Logik und andere Forschungsquellen, u.a. Transylvania County, North Carolina - Transylvania County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As a result, today only approximately 12,000 Saxons remain in Romania.[20]. (Obwohl die frhen Europer whrend der Rmerzeit Well known Transylvanian Saxon politicians and administrative leaders include Michael Wei (former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt), Klaus Johannis (current President of Romania and former mayor of Sibiu/Hermannstadt), Iancu Sasul (i.e. Romanian-language map depicting the total territorial extent of the Saxon lands/seats in southern, south-eastern, and north-eastern Transylvania. The Transylvanian Saxon population has been steadily decreasing since World War II as they started leaving the territory of present-day Romania en masse during and after World War II, relocating initially to Austria, then predominantly to southern Germany (especially in Bavaria). ISBN 3-412-01576-8. During World War II, many disaffected Saxons sided with. ara Oltului in Romanian, after the German name for the Olt river, or the old land as in a word for word translation from German) or Hermannstadt Provinz, based around the picturesque well preserved medieval town of Hermannstadt, today's Sibiu. It was estimated that there are approximately 300 such villages with fortified churches built by the Saxons in Transylvania during the Middle Ages.[31]. This agreement preserved a considerable degree of political rights for the three aforementioned groups but excluded the largely Hungarian and Romanian peasantry from political life in the principality. These fortified churches, or kirchenburgen as they are known in standard German, had defensive capacities in the event of a foreign attack on a rural Transylvanian Saxon community (e.g. Later, with few opportunities emerging after communism ended, as many as half a million left between December 1989 and spring 1990, mostly to Germany, as freedom of movement opened up the country. These names don't occur in the Keintzel-Schn book, however they are Anglo-Saxons often named their child by combining parts of the names of the parents. In the 18th and 19th centuries Sephardic and Orthodox communities emerged in the Banat and the . The lowest figure indicates the approximate contemporary distribution mostly in Transylvania, central Romania, whereas the highest one applies worldwide. The Saxons remaining in Romania are represented by the Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (FDGR/DFDR), the political platform that gave Romania its fifth president, Klaus Iohannis, who was firstly elected in 2014 and then re-elected by a landslide in 2019. The colonization of Transylvania by ethnic Germans later collectively known as Transylvanian Saxons began under the reign of King Gza II of Hungary (11411162). Barbaneagra. Its county seat is Brevard.Transylvania County comprises the B. Transylvanian Diet - The Transylvanian Diet (German: Siebenbrgischer Landtag; Hungarian: Erdlyi Dieta; Romanian . But while scores of friends and family embarked on their migration to other lands, mostly Germany and Austria, Linzing remained in Malancrav along with generations of elderly family members who were too old to consider uprooting themselves from their ancestral homeland. fortified churches). Map and list of Transylvanian Saxon villages; The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch; Transylvanian Saxon surnames; Transylvanian placenames in different languages ; General site on the Transylvanian Saxons . und ihre Orte Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. The earliest religious organization of the Saxons was the Provostship of Hermannstadt (now Sibiu), founded 20 December 1191. If you liked this story,sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newslettercalled "The Essential List". The Anglo-Saxons were Germanic tribes who first lived in Germany (as Saxons), but later migrated and reached Britain. Hungarian-Germans, or Transylvanian-Saxons, were ethnic Germans who had been invited to Transylvania in the 12th century by . Biertan fortified church (German: Birthlm) was the see of the Evangelical Lutheran Bishop in Transylvania between 1572 and 1867. Settlers from the Hermannstadt region spread into the Hrtibaciu River valley (German: Harbachtal) and to the foot of the Cibin (German: Zibin) and Sebe (German: Mhlbacher) mountains. For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for Transylvanian Saxons . Additionally, German potters and merchants were also present in the former Moldavian capital of Suceava at the end of the 14th century. Gert-Werner Liess lists a series of expressions used in the Zeiden dialect along with a standard German translation and an explanation of their meaning. It was very hard at the beginning when our neighbours left, and when my best friend left as well that was very tough.. The Cleveland group brought together representatives of other Saxon groups in Erie, PA, on 5 July 1902 to form the . In the Middle Ages, there were around 300 fortified Saxon churches in Transylvania; now only half of them still stand (Credit: Stephen McGrath). . curiosity factor. His actions were aimed at the political inequality within Transylvania, especially the political strength of the Saxons. The PREM project final report a cultural heritage and development project in the Transylvania Region, Romania. Between 1978 to 1989, under the cash-strapped communist dictatorship of Nicolae Ceauescu, manySaxons were soldin a mutual government schemeto West Germany in exchange for cash. ( Mac / Adobe Stock) Transylvanian Fortified Churches as Heritage of Saxon Settlers . Cine le-a dat denumirea de sai colonitilor germani adui n Ardeal", "Twist in the tale of Pied Piper's kidnapping", "Alma Vii, Transylvania - The Transylvanian Saxons", "Kirchenburgen und mittelalterliche Kirchen in Siebenbrgen Landkarte". present-day Rmnicu Vlcea) and Piteti (German: Pitesk). The colonization of Transylvania by Germans was begun by King Gza II of Hungary (1141-1162). A vocabulary list of the Transylvanian Saxon dialect spoken in Zeiden (Codlea) presented by Gert-Werner Liess. Transylvanian Saxons. The period of Roman decline in the northwest area of the empire was marked by vigorous Saxon piracy in the North Sea. In 1945 more than 70,000 Transylvanian Saxons were apprehended by Soviet occupiers and deported to labour camps in Siberia. The predominantly German-populated Hermannstadt was a noteworthy cultural center within Transylvania in the past, while Kronstadt (Braov) represented a vital political center for the Transylvanian Saxons. Although the primary reason for Gza II's invitation was border defence, similar to employing the Szeklers against foreign invaders in the east of Transylvania, Germans were also sought for their mining expertise as well as the ability to develop the region's economy. . The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed. All throughout this period of time, the Saxons in Transylvania served as administrators and military officers. A common interpretation of the tale of the Pied Piper of Hamelin, dated to 26 June 1284 and recorded in Hamelin records that (the earliest of such records dating from 1384: "It is 100 years since our children left") when a group of 130 children from the town of Hamelin (German: Hameln), in present-day Lower Saxony, were led away from their hometown by a piper (who may be a folk memory of a lokator) is that this related to an emigration event as part of the Ostsiedlung (i.e. Stephan Ludwig Roth, an Evangelical Lutheran pastor and intellectual who led the German support for Romanian political rights, eventually opposed the unification of Transylvania with Hungary and was executed by the Hungarian military tribunal during the revolution. Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. [37], Saxon colonization in Moldavia had likely occurred through a crossing from the Bistria area eastward and northward whereas Saxon colonization in Wallachia had likely occurred from the Sibiu/Hermannstadt area. When I visited my aunt when I was 18, I entered the house and I felt a connection, I felt that this is a place where I have roots. fixiert worden, und Leute haben manchmal ihren Namen gendert! She recently made a series of tote bags from recycled second-hand clothes for a collaborative art project. these personal identifiers became, Einige Forscher denken das die Bedeutungen von Nachnamen von wenigen Wert sind, Transylvanian Saxons The saga of a civilization in 4 parts: colonization, splendor, decline and today's touristic heritage Underdeveloped country seeking investors - this was the slogan of Eastern Europe after the fall of Communism. Building them was a shared community effort and worthy journey, but it hasnt been easy. Erkennungsnamen wurden, As communities got larger and people were more mobile or prestige-conscious, The Saxons first arrived in Romanias Transylvania region in the 12th Century, but over the past few decades the community has all but vanished from the region. Upper part: the locator (with a special hat) receives the foundation charter from the landlord. Sie kamen durch mit nur einen Namen . The song of Transylvania) is the regional anthem of the Transylvanian Saxon community as well as an unofficial regional hymn of Transylvania, praising the region as a land of blessings and great natural beauty. The Mongol invasion of 1241-42 devastated much of the Kingdom of Hungary. . As Hungarian subjects before World War I, German-speaking Transylvanian elites, predominantly Lutheran clergy and professionals, and known locally as the Literati,1 protected their cultural, political, and economic interests under Romania's significant German (Saxon) heritage is obvious in Southern Transylvania, home to hundreds of well-preserved Saxon towns and villages. [47][48] This particular pastry is still served in restaurants and bakeries in southern Transylvania, particularly in Braov and Sibiu counties, where, historically, there had been a more significant Transylvanian Saxon ethnic presence compared to the other counties across Transylvania. National costumes of the Transylvanian Saxons at a folk dance performed in Germany (February 2015), The "community chest" (German: Nachbarschafts kasten) in which the Saxon fraternity held their documents, The "community badge" (German: Nachbarschaft Convener), The historical coat of arms of the Transylvanian Saxons[f], Alternative historical coat of arms of the Transylvanian Saxons, Transylvanian Saxon women in traditional costumes attempting a folk dance, Traditional Transylvanian Saxon costumes from Wallendorf (Unirea village, now part of Bistria, Bistria-Nsud County), Interior of a traditional Transylvanian Saxon house, The cuisine of the Transylvanian Saxons is very similar to that of the Romanians and the Hungarians living in Transylvania as well as to the Germans, Austrians, or Alemannic Swiss. Although the colonists came mostly from the western Holy Roman Empire and generally spoke Franconian dialects, they were collectively known as Saxons because of Germans working for the Hungarian chancellery. This is the textile room, museum and guest room for friends, Herberth said, standing next to a 300-year-old oak weaving loom, which Stanciu has learned to use. . Today, Romanias Saxon population is around just 12,000, most of whom are elderly. Transylvanian Saxon/Siweberjesch-Sksesch Material. Although the Hungarian control over Transylvania was defeated by Austrian and Imperial Russian forces in 1849, the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (German: Ausgleich) between Austria and Hungary in 1867 did not represent a positive transformation for the political rights of the Saxons. [8] They are part of the Romanian Germans. In the context of medieval Transylvania, the term Saxon was used to denote a nobleman's title and not necessarily someone who was German-speaking. After all, the Saxon villages in Transylvania doubled as outposts used to defend trading routes through the countryside. It also has a series of characters which are different than in standard German (i.e. Around 100,000 Germans fled before the Soviet Red Army, but Romania did not conduct the expulsion of Germans as did neighboring countries at war's end. Back in apu, Zakel gives me a tour of Casa Anna, a more modest project than that of Schuster and her husband. It . In comparative linguistics, Transylvanian Saxon is a West Central German dialect that is part of the Moselle Franconian branch. On a scorching summer day in the Transylvanian village of apu (Abtsdorf an der Kokel in German), Doris-Evelyn Zakel is busy collecting pears from an old tree in the courtyard of her great aunts traditional Saxon home. The majority of them are still in very good to relatively good shape to this day, after further consolidation and renovation based on European funds or Norwegian grants (for example in Alma Vii or Laslea), but also based on foreign donations. [36] In the case of the first settlement (i.e. Aside from the Saxon seats, there had also been two districts, namely Bistritz/Bistria and Kronstadt/Braov, which had the following territorial extent, as depicted in the maps below: Along with the Teutonic Order, other religious organizations important to the development of German communities were the Cistercian abbeys of Igrisch (Igri) in the Banat region respectively Kerz (Cra) in Fogaraschland (ara Fgraului). ". After the fall of communism in 1989, around 90% of the Saxons who remained fled Transylvania within a few months. The Transylvanian Saxons (German: Siebenbrger Sachsen; Hungarian: Erdlyi szszok; Romanian: Sai) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (German: Siebenbrgen) from the 12th century onwards. The surrounding area became known as the Nsnerland. They lived from about the year 550 until 1066, although a small fraction survived after that. We took our traditions from our parents and grandparents, she said. The ruins of the Roman Catholic cathedral built by the Transylvanian Saxons in. Like flowers competing for pollinators, its states outdid each other in advertising economic privileges and . Typische Schsische Familiennamen - Typical Saxon Family Names The Transylvanian Saxons (German: Siebenbrger Sachsen; Hungarian: Erdlyi szszok; Romanian: Sai) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (German: Siebenbrgen) from the 12th century onwards. In the process of fortifying the borders of the Kingdom of Hungary to the east, they were early on helped by the Teutonic Knights. Apply this search to the main name collection, the letters in the pattern are compared to the letters in the name, search for an exact phrase by surrounding it with double quotes, this field understands simple boolean logic, force a term to be included by preceding it with a, force a term to be excluded by preceding it with a, sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations, syllables can only be counted in names that have been assigned pronunciations, names without pronunciations are excluded from results. International, Foreign, Meanings (Bhlau Verlag, Kln), 1976. At the same time, especially after Romania's accession into NATO and the EU, many Transylvanian Saxons are returning from Germany, reclaiming property lost to the former communist regime and/or starting up small and medium-sized enterprises. wie wir sie wissen, nicht gebraucht. Founded in 1902, the Alliance is open to Americans of Transylvanian Saxon descent. Transylvanian Saxons, German-speaking population that in the Middle Ages settled in Transylvania, then part of Hungary. [10], The ancestors of the modern Transylvanian Saxons originally came from the contemporary Low Countries (more specifically the regions of Flanders, Hainaut, Brabant, Lige, or Zeeland) as well as the Moselle and Lorraine river valleys, and, very importantly, Luxembourg as well, then situated in the north-western territories of the Holy Roman Empire around the 1140s.[11]. Surnames are now important in identifying individuals and families over time. Cumans, Pechenegs, Mongols, and Tatars). The surname is a Siebenburgen Saxon or Transylvanian Saxon specific surname. The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of mainly German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania in various waves, starting from the mid and mid-late 12th century until the mid 19th century. Baby Names - Boys, Girls Names. She died in 2014. Most Common Romanian Surnames The most common names are Petru (11, 10.9%), Radu (8, 7.9%), and Stefan (8, 7.9%). The letters f and h only appear in loanwords. [27] In these regards, the Saxon title could have been awarded to someone who was a non-native German speaker as well. The surprising story of the Basque language, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter. Notably, it was part of the Kingdom of Hungary, a medieval realm that existed roughly . Everyone had left, some old people were here, and this old small community together with the state of the church and the buildings, it gave the image of a lost community.. It is, therefore, very important to highlight the fact that not all Transylvanian Saxon settlers were German-speaking given the fact that they also stemmed from the contemporary Low Countries (i.e. Die Michael Wei, former mayor of Media/Mediasch. Under the influence of Johannes Honterus, the great majority of the Transylvanian Saxons embraced the new creed of Martin Luther during the Protestant Reformation. You may also be interested in:The surprising story of the Basque languageA craft kept alive by 10 Swiss mastersAn ancient rite that could save Earth. ersten Halter des Namens geben, gibt es, Some researchers think that surname meanings are of little value beyond the The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch; Transylvanian Saxon surnames; Transylvanian placenames in different languages (Jerman) General site on the Transylvanian Saxons (Jerman) 40% of the population of 1910), and between 1991 and 1992 another 75,000 emigrated. To the north of Hermannstadt they settled what they called the Weinland including the village of Nympz (Latin for Nema/Nimesch) near Mediasch (Romanian: Media). . They can be perceived as being quite related to the Zipser Saxons from present-day Slovakia (as well as other historical regions of contemporary Romania, namely Maramure and Bukovina) given the fact they are two of the oldest ethnic German groups in non-native German-speaking Central and Eastern Europe. Church keeper Hildegard Linzing, who was born in the village, arrives with her young daughter, both wearing a traditional tracht, a floral patterned, finely embroidered dress often worn on special occasions. In February 1942 and May 1943, Germany concluded agreements with Hungary and Romania respectively, following which the Germans who were fit for military service, although they were either Hungarian citizens (in Northern Transylvania, entered the composition of the Hungarian state through the Second Vienna Award) or Romanian citizens (in Southern Transylvania, remaining part of Romania), could be incorporated into the regular German military units, into the Waffen-SS and into war-producing enterprises or into the Organisation Todt. Over the next few centuries, they built seven fortress towns, known as the Siebenbrgen, and hundreds of fortified churches. Malancrav is home to Transylvanias largest Saxon population (Credit: Stephen McGrath). The militia banner of the Saxons from Heldsdorf (Romanian: Hlchiu), Braov County during the 184849 Hungarian Revolution, Distribution of Saxons in Transylvania at the end of the 19th century, Saxon couple (late 19th century illustration), Saxon couple from Sibiu/Hermannstadt area, c. 1900. Also It was used in writing to some text extent from then on, although High German was also used as a written language, and by the 19th century High German was the main written language used by Transylvanian Saxons. [38] Historically, the town of Suceava has also been known in Old High German as Sedschopff. The word is made of two Slavic language words, namely 'bogu' meaning 'god' and 'dan' meaning 'given.'. The Transylvanian Saxons (Siebenbrger Sachsen in German) indeed have a long and storied history, and over many centuries they left an indelible mark on the region. Further or subsequent waves of German colonists in Transylvania also stemmed from more southern regions of present-day Germany such as Thuringia or even Bavaria (the latter particularly valid for the Saxons in northeastern Transylvania). "sparks" for a smith), personal characteristics An alternative term for them in standard German is also 'wehrkirchen' (i.e. It has also come in contact with Romanian and Hungarian from which several words were derived. German borrowing of Jnos. . Nowadays, the vast majority of Transylvanian Saxons live in either Germany or Austria. aside from Luxembourg, also contemporary Netherlands and Belgium) and from modern day France as well. Hello all, I am wondering if you have any recommendations for any material on this language. Heading into Saxon Transylvania is to get a glimpse into ancient rural Europe. . Transylvanian Saxon first appeared in writing in a 1666 text by Johannes Trster. Structured data. (Familienanzeigen: Siebenbrgische Zeitung). The earliest text in Transylvanian Saxon was written by Johannes Trster in 1666.[56]. Malancrav (Malmkrog in German), which boasts a population of around 120, is the largest of all of them. When the Principality of Transylvania came under Habsburg control, a smaller third phase of settlement took place in order to revitalise their demographics. Lower part: the locator acts as the judge in the village. Read about our approach to external linking. The first superintendent of the Saxons Evangelical Church, Paul Wiener, was elected by Saxon pastors at a synod on 6 February 1553.[28]. German merchants arrived in the 12th century to help defend the region against the Tatars and Turks. Valea Viilor (German: Wurmloch) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church, Saschiz (German: Keisd or Hnenburg) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church, Viscri (German: Weisskirch) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church, The Mongol invasion of 124142 devastated much of the Kingdom of Hungary. Suche - Search . For more than a hundred years starting in the 2nd century, the region in what is now Romania-comprised of the Transylvanian Basin and the lands to the south-was the Roman province of Dacia.Prior to this, the region had been settled by Indo-Europeans, which the Greeks called the Getae, who then intermingled with other tribes that the Romans . [46], One prominent example of a local traditional dessert of the Transylvanian Saxons is the hanklich (Romanian: hencle or hencle ssesc), a sweet cheese pie with powdered sugar on top (variations include plums as main ingredients, raisins, or other dry fruits). Prof. Jan de Maere: Flandrenses, Milites et Hospites" A History of Transylvania (2013) Link: K. Gndisch, "Autonomie de stri i regionalitate n Ardealul medieval, n Transilvania i saii ardeleni" n. The Transylvanian Saxons (German: Siebenbrger Sachsen; Hungarian: Erdlyi szszok; Romanian: Sai) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (German: Siebenbrgen) from the 12th century onwards. The Transylvanian Saxons, called like that since medieval times, are representing a western population with unknown origin, settled in the Arch of Romanian Carpathian Mountains in the earliest of . national costumes or Schsische Trachten). Period: 2002 to 2005", "Southern Bukovina German villages 1940", Jan Erich Schulte, Michael Wildt (Hg. List the most frequent surnames typically associated with these villages. After the end of World War I, on 8 January 1919, the representatives of the Transylvanian Saxons decided to support the unification of Transylvania with the Kingdom of Romania. Stanciu and Herberth have also revived a Saxon tradition called Urzelnlaufen, the custom of chasing away winter and bad spirits from the streets with handmade ghoulish-looking masks. Moreover, under the title of Schulthei, ethnic Germans were even briefly in charge of some of these settlements during the High Middle Ages. The Transylvanian Saxons (German: Siebenbrger Sachsen; Transylvanian Saxon: Siweberjer Sksen[6][7] or simply Soxen, singularly Sox or Soax; Transylvanian Landler: Soxn or Soxisch; Romanian: Sai ardeleni, sai transilvneni/transilvani; Hungarian: erdlyi szszok) are a people of mainly German ethnicity (and overall Germanic origin; mostly Luxembourgish) who settled in Transylvania (Romanian: Transilvania, German: Siebenbrgen or Transsilvanien, Latin: Transsilvania, Septem Castra or Septem Castrensis, Medieval Latin: Trnsylvnia) in various waves, starting from the mid and mid-late 12th century until the mid 19th century. Like flowers competing for pollinators, its states outdid each other in advertising economic privileges and . Salt Anglo-Saxon, English. Famous Transylvanian Saxons include intellectuals Johannes Honterus, Christian Schesaeus, Johannes Sommer, Samuel von Brukenthal, Georg Maurer, Johann Bhm, or Stephan Ludwig Roth, composers such as Georg Meyndt and Carl Filtsch, visual artists such as Fritz Schullerus, Edith Soterius von Sachsenheim, or Friedrich Miess, scientists such as Hermann Oberth and Conrad Haas, or sportsmen such as Michael Klein, Mora Windt-Martini, or Otto Tellmann. However, Bucharest owes to its German-born king, Carol I, much of the systematization and modernization that occurred during late 1800s early 1900s. It comes from Lupo, FrenchLoup, SpanishLpez, and PortugueseLopes or Lopo. [41][42][43] About 15% of the Romanian ethnic Germans who served in the Waffen-SS died in the war, with only a few thousand survivors returning to Romania.[44]. Siebenbrgisch-Schsischen Barbu. It is believed to have Jute origin. Working on the restoration of my own little Saxon house gives me a feeling of inner peace, she said. I came [to my grandparents house in Cincu] to clear my mind and it just felt right I felt this was home. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Rumniendeutsche in der Waffen-SS, Bhlau Verlag Kln, Weimar, Wien 2007, History of German settlement in Central and Eastern Europe, the "national church" of the Transylvanian Saxons, Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, arrested by the Soviet Army and sent to labour camps, Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Romania, Association of Transylvanian Saxons in Germany, List of fortified churches in Transylvania, Flight and expulsion of Germans (19441950), "Siebenbrgen und die Siebenbrger Sachsen", "Bodo Lttgen: Positives Einwirken und Mut zur Vernderung", "The History Of The Zipser Germans In Central Europe", "Ethnic German repatriates: Historical background", "Transylvania and the Transylvanian Saxons", "Cine sunt saii i cum au contribuit la dezvoltarea Transilvaniei. Johannes Benkner, former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt. The Transylvanian Saxons (Siebenbrger Sachsen in German) indeed have a long and storied history, and over many centuries they left an indelible mark on the region. 1947 verschiedene Familiennamen. history. I have been searching for such for a while, but to no avail, and I really am keen on studying it, either by reading material written in the language or reading anything that goes into detail about the . They got by on one name and used a personal identifier when needed. This wave of settlement included exiled Protestants from Upper Austria (the Transylvanian Landlers namely), who were given land near Hermannstadt (Sibiu). the "national church" of the Transylvanian Saxons (or the people's church of the Saxons). Those areas pertained to the neighbouring and emerging Romanian medieval principalities of Moldavia (to the east) and Wallachia (to the south).

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